1. All passes must be from behind the line of scrimmage, thrown forward and received beyond the line scrimmage.

2. Shovel passes are allowed, but must be received beyond the line of scrimmage.

3. The quarterback has a seven-second “pass clock” if no pass rush occurs. If a pass is not thrown within the seven seconds, play is dead, the down is consumed and there is a 5-yard penalty assessed to the offense. Once the defense crosses the rush line, or the ball is handed off, the 7-second rule no longer is in effect.

a. If the line of scrimmage is less than 10 yards from the team’s defensive end zone, the penalty will be assessed as half the distance to the goal at the end of the 7-second clock.